

The February 21, 2028 cruise on the Azamara Pursuit departs from Fremantle (perth), Australia. On this 39 Night Grand Voyage (Fremantle To Tokyo) sailing, the ship will visit a total of 25 cruise port destinations, including its departure port. The Azamara Pursuit sets sail on Monday, Feb 21st and returns on Friday, Mar 31st.
Azamara Pursuit - February 21, 2028 - 39 Nights
| Day | Date | Port |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Feb 20th | Fremantle (perth), Australia |
| 2 | Feb 21st | At Sea |
| 3 | Feb 22nd | At Sea |
| 4 | Feb 23rd | At Sea |
| 5 | Feb 25th | Benoa, Bali, Indonesia |
| 6 | Feb 20th | Benoa, Bali, Indonesia |
| 7 | Feb 27th | Celukan Bawang, Bali, Indonesia |
| 8 | Feb 28th | Surabaya, Java, Indonesia |
| 9 | Feb 29th | Semarang, Java, Indonesia |
| 10 | Feb 29th | At Sea |
| 11 | Mar 2nd | Singapore |
| 12 | Feb 20th | Singapore |
| 13 | Mar 3rd | At Sea |
| 14 | Mar 5th | Phu My (ho Chi Minh City), Vietnam |
| 15 | Feb 20th | Phu My (ho Chi Minh City), Vietnam |
| 16 | Mar 6th | At Sea |
| 17 | Mar 8th | Da Nang, Vietnam |
| 18 | Mar 8th | At Sea |
| 19 | Mar 10th | Hong Kong |
| 20 | Feb 20th | Hong Kong |
| 21 | Mar 11th | At Sea |
| 22 | Mar 13th | Keelung (taipei), Taiwan |
| 23 | Mar 14th | Hirara, Miyako Island, Japan |
| 24 | Mar 15th | Naha, Okinawa |
| 25 | Mar 16th | At Sea |
| 26 | Mar 17th | Osaka, Japan |
| 27 | Feb 20th | Osaka, Japan |
| 28 | Mar 19th | Kochi, Japan |
| 29 | Mar 20th | Hiroshima, Japan |
| 30 | Mar 21st | Kitakyushu (moji, Mojiku), Japan |
| 31 | Mar 22nd | Sasebo, Nagasaki, Japan |
| 32 | Mar 23rd | Busan (Pusan), South Korea |
| 33 | Mar 24th | Sakaiminato, Japan |
| 34 | Mar 25th | Kanazawa, Japan |
| 35 | Mar 26th | Niigata, Honshu, Japan |
| 36 | Mar 27th | Akita, Japan |
| 37 | Mar 28th | Aomori, Japan |
| 38 | Mar 29th | At Sea |
| 39 | Mar 30th | Tokyo, Japan |
| 40 | Mar 31st | Yokohama (tokyo), Japan |
The Azamara Pursuit sails on February 21, 2028 for a 39 Night Grand Voyage (Fremantle To Tokyo). The ship will depart the port of Fremantle (perth), Australia at 5:00 PM and will return to the port of Yokohama (tokyo), Japan on Mar 31st at 8:00 AM. During the 40-day journey, the Azamara Pursuit will visit 24 additional ports and will spend 10 days at sea.
Based on my comprehensive research of cruise port safety information, including recent crime reports, travel advisories, Global Peace Index rankings, and specific port security concerns, we've created a "safety score" for each cruise port stop. The overall rating below represents a combined score for your specific cruise itinerary.

Azamara Cruise Line
The Azamara Pursuit was built in 2001 and is among Azamara's 3 ships in its fleet. The Azamara Pursuit is included in the cruise line's R class. In the cruise ship stats below, you'll find the Azamara Pursuit vs all other Azamara ships.
Fremantle (Perth), Australia, provides docking at Fremantle Port with excursions to Perth. Travelers explore Fremantle’s Maritime Museum and Perth’s Kings Park. Excursions visit Rottnest Island’s quokkas. Local markets sell meat pies. The peak season, December to March, brings warm weather for city tours. Photography captures colonial architecture and Swan River views. Dining onboard includes lamingtons, an Australian favorite. Souvenirs, like boomerangs, are sold in ship shops. Briefings cover Western Australia’s history. Light clothing and sun protection suit the Mediterranean climate, while comfortable shoes enhance park walks. Fremantle’s vibrant coastal charm offers a dynamic Australian stop. Cruise travelers enjoy a mix of maritime history, scenic landscapes, and urban culture, making Fremantle an engaging gateway to Perth and its surroundings.
Take advantage of the many on board activites during your day at sea. You'll have more than enough to fill your day!
Take advantage of the many on board activites during your day at sea. You'll have more than enough to fill your day!
Take advantage of the many on board activites during your day at sea. You'll have more than enough to fill your day!
Benoa, Bali, Indonesia, docks at Benoa Port, 10 kilometers from Denpasar, with shuttles or taxis for 20-minute rides. Travelers visit Uluwatu Temple, a 11th-century clifftop shrine, 30 minutes south. Local markets sell batik sarongs. Excursions to Ubud, 1 hour north, explore rice terraces and monkey forests. Tanah Lot, 45 minutes northwest, features a sea temple. Peak season June to September; taxis 50,000-100,000 IDR. Dining includes babi guling at warungs. Souvenirs feature silver jewelry.
Benoa, Bali, Indonesia, docks at Benoa Port, 10 kilometers from Denpasar, with shuttles or taxis for 20-minute rides. Travelers visit Uluwatu Temple, a 11th-century clifftop shrine, 30 minutes south. Local markets sell batik sarongs. Excursions to Ubud, 1 hour north, explore rice terraces and monkey forests. Tanah Lot, 45 minutes northwest, features a sea temple. Peak season June to September; taxis 50,000-100,000 IDR. Dining includes babi guling at warungs. Souvenirs feature silver jewelry.
Celukan Bawang, Bali, Indonesia, docks at Celukan Bawang Port, 30 kilometers from Singaraja, with taxis for 45-minute rides. Travelers visit Brahma Vihara Arama, a Buddhist temple 20 minutes south. Local markets sell kopi luwak. Excursions to Menjangan Island, 1 hour west, offer snorkeling. Peak season May to October; taxis 50,000-100,000 IDR. Dining includes sate lilit at village warungs. Souvenirs feature wood carvings.
Surabaya, Java, Indonesia, offers docking at Tanjung Perak Port. Travelers explore House of Sampoerna and Heroes Monument. Excursions visit Trowulan’s Majapahit ruins. Local markets sell soto ayam. The peak season, May to October, brings dry weather for city tours. Photography captures colonial architecture and Java Sea vistas. Dining onboard includes nasi goreng, an Indonesian favorite. Souvenirs, like batik crafts, are sold in ship shops. Briefings cover Javanese history. Light clothing and sun protection suit the tropical climate, while comfortable shoes enhance historic walks. Surabaya’s cultural allure offers a vibrant Indonesian stop. Cruise travelers enjoy a mix of historic sites and urban heritage, making Surabaya an engaging destination.
Semarang, Java, Indonesia, offers docking at Tanjung Emas Port. Travelers explore Borobudur’s UNESCO temple and Sam Poo Kong. Excursions visit Ambarawa’s railway museum. Local markets sell lumpia. The peak season, May to October, brings dry weather for cultural tours. Photography captures ancient stupas and Java Sea vistas. Dining onboard includes soto ayam, an Indonesian favorite. Souvenirs, like batik crafts, are sold in ship shops. Briefings cover Javanese history. Light clothing and sun protection suit the tropical climate, while comfortable shoes enhance temple walks. Semarang’s cultural allure offers a vibrant Indonesian stop. Cruise travelers enjoy a mix of historic temples and colonial heritage, making Semarang an engaging destination for exploration.
Take advantage of the many on board activites during your day at sea. You'll have more than enough to fill your day!
Singapore offers docking at Marina Bay Cruise Centre. Travelers explore Gardens by the Bay and Merlion Park. Excursions visit Sentosa Island. Local markets sell Hainanese chicken rice. The peak season, November to March, brings milder weather for city tours. Photography captures futuristic skylines and Singapore Strait vistas. Dining onboard includes laksa, a Singaporean favorite. Souvenirs, like orchid crafts, are sold in ship shops. Briefings cover Peranakan history. Light clothing and sun protection suit the tropical climate, while comfortable shoes enhance city walks. Singapore’s urban charm offers a vibrant stop. Cruise travelers enjoy a mix of modern landmarks and cultural heritage, making Singapore an engaging destination for exploration. (126 words)
Singapore offers docking at Marina Bay Cruise Centre. Travelers explore Gardens by the Bay and Merlion Park. Excursions visit Sentosa Island. Local markets sell Hainanese chicken rice. The peak season, November to March, brings milder weather for city tours. Photography captures futuristic skylines and Singapore Strait vistas. Dining onboard includes laksa, a Singaporean favorite. Souvenirs, like orchid crafts, are sold in ship shops. Briefings cover Peranakan history. Light clothing and sun protection suit the tropical climate, while comfortable shoes enhance city walks. Singapore’s urban charm offers a vibrant stop. Cruise travelers enjoy a mix of modern landmarks and cultural heritage, making Singapore an engaging destination for exploration. (126 words)
Take advantage of the many on board activites during your day at sea. You'll have more than enough to fill your day!
Phu My (Ho Chi Minh City), Vietnam, offers docking at Phu My Port with excursions to Ho Chi Minh City. Travelers explore Notre-Dame Basilica and Cu Chi Tunnels. Excursions visit Mekong Delta. Local markets sell phở. The peak season, December to April, brings dry weather for city tours. Photography captures colonial architecture and South China Sea vistas. Dining onboard includes banh mi, a Vietnamese favorite. Souvenirs, like lacquerware, are sold in ship shops. Briefings cover Viet history. Light clothing and sun protection suit the tropical climate, while comfortable shoes enhance city walks. Phu My’s cultural gateway offers a vibrant Vietnamese stop. Cruise travelers enjoy a mix of historic landmarks and scenic deltas, making Phu My an engaging destination. (126 words)
Phu My (Ho Chi Minh City), Vietnam, offers docking at Phu My Port with excursions to Ho Chi Minh City. Travelers explore Notre-Dame Basilica and Cu Chi Tunnels. Excursions visit Mekong Delta. Local markets sell phở. The peak season, December to April, brings dry weather for city tours. Photography captures colonial architecture and South China Sea vistas. Dining onboard includes banh mi, a Vietnamese favorite. Souvenirs, like lacquerware, are sold in ship shops. Briefings cover Viet history. Light clothing and sun protection suit the tropical climate, while comfortable shoes enhance city walks. Phu My’s cultural gateway offers a vibrant Vietnamese stop. Cruise travelers enjoy a mix of historic landmarks and scenic deltas, making Phu My an engaging destination. (126 words)
Take advantage of the many on board activites during your day at sea. You'll have more than enough to fill your day!
Da Nang in Vietnam has docking at Tien Sa Port. Travelers explore Hoi An’s ancient town, a UNESCO site. Excursions visit Marble Mountains’ caves. Local markets sell silk lanterns. The peak season, February to August, avoids monsoons; taxis cost 100,000-200,000 VND. Photography captures Cham temples. Dining onboard includes banh mi. Souvenirs, like lacquerware, are sold in ship shops. Briefings cover cultural heritage. Light clothing suits the tropical climate. Da Nang’s beaches and history provide a vibrant Vietnamese coastal stop.
Take advantage of the many on board activites during your day at sea. You'll have more than enough to fill your day!
Hong Kong offers docking at Kai Tak Cruise Terminal. Travelers explore Victoria Peak and Temple Street Market. Excursions visit Lantau Island’s Big Buddha. Local markets sell dim sum. The peak season, October to April, brings mild weather for city tours. Photography captures skyscrapers and Victoria Harbour vistas. Dining onboard includes char siu, a Hong Kong favorite. Souvenirs, like jade crafts, are sold in ship shops. Briefings cover Cantonese history. Light clothing and sun protection suit the subtropical climate, while comfortable shoes enhance city walks. Hong Kong’s urban charm offers a vibrant stop. Cruise travelers enjoy a mix of modern landmarks and cultural markets, making Hong Kong an engaging destination. (126 words)
Hong Kong offers docking at Kai Tak Cruise Terminal. Travelers explore Victoria Peak and Temple Street Market. Excursions visit Lantau Island’s Big Buddha. Local markets sell dim sum. The peak season, October to April, brings mild weather for city tours. Photography captures skyscrapers and Victoria Harbour vistas. Dining onboard includes char siu, a Hong Kong favorite. Souvenirs, like jade crafts, are sold in ship shops. Briefings cover Cantonese history. Light clothing and sun protection suit the subtropical climate, while comfortable shoes enhance city walks. Hong Kong’s urban charm offers a vibrant stop. Cruise travelers enjoy a mix of modern landmarks and cultural markets, making Hong Kong an engaging destination. (126 words)
Take advantage of the many on board activites during your day at sea. You'll have more than enough to fill your day!
Keelung (Taipei), Taiwan, offers docking at Keelung Port with excursions to Taipei. Travelers explore Taipei 101 and Chiang Kai-shek Memorial. Excursions visit Yehliu’s rock formations. Local markets sell stinky tofu. The peak season, October to April, brings mild weather for city tours. Photography captures urban skylines and Taiwan Strait vistas. Dining onboard includes xiaolongbao, a Taiwanese favorite. Souvenirs, like oolong tea, are sold in ship shops. Briefings cover Formosan history. Light clothing and sun protection suit the subtropical climate, while comfortable shoes enhance city walks. Keelung’s urban gateway offers a vibrant Taiwanese stop. Cruise travelers enjoy a mix of modern landmarks and coastal beauty, making Keelung an engaging destination.
Hirara, Miyako Island, Japan, has docking at Hirara Port. Travelers explore Sunayama Beach’s white sands. Excursions visit Yabiji Reef for snorkeling. Local markets sell shima-zake. The peak season, April to June, brings warm weather. Photography captures turquoise waters and coral reefs. Dining onboard includes goya champuru, an Okinawan dish. Souvenirs, like coral crafts, are sold in ship shops. Briefings cover Okinawan culture. Light clothing and sun protection suit the tropical climate. Snorkeling gear enhances reef exploration. Hirara’s tropical beauty offers a serene Japanese stop, blending island relaxation with marine wonders.
Naha, Okinawa, Japan, offers docking at Naha Port. Travelers explore Shurijo Castle, a UNESCO site, and Tsuboya pottery district. Excursions visit Churaumi Aquarium’s marine exhibits. Local markets sell goya champuru. The peak season, April to October, brings warm weather for island tours. Photography captures Ryukyu architecture and turquoise seas. Dining onboard includes rafute, an Okinawan pork dish. Souvenirs, like shisa statues, are sold in ship shops. Briefings cover Okinawa’s Ryukyu history. Light clothing and sun protection suit the subtropical climate, while comfortable shoes enhance castle walks. Naha’s vibrant island culture offers a dynamic Japanese stop. Cruise travelers enjoy a mix of historic castles, marine life, and Okinawan traditions, making Naha an engaging destination for exploring Japan’s southern island heritage.
Take advantage of the many on board activites during your day at sea. You'll have more than enough to fill your day!
Osaka, Japan, provides docking at Osaka Port. Travelers explore Osaka Castle and Dotonbori’s vibrant food scene. Excursions visit Kyoto’s Kinkaku-ji Temple. Local markets sell takoyaki. The peak season, March to May, brings cherry blossoms and mild weather. Photography captures samurai castles and neon-lit canals. Dining onboard includes okonomiyaki, an Osaka favorite. Souvenirs, like tenugui cloths, are sold in ship shops. Briefings cover Kansai history. Light layers suit the temperate climate, while comfortable shoes enhance city walks. Osaka’s dynamic urban culture offers a vibrant Japanese stop. Cruise travelers enjoy a mix of historic landmarks, culinary delights, and modern energy, making Osaka an engaging destination for exploring Japan’s Kansai region and cultural heritage.
Osaka, Japan, provides docking at Osaka Port. Travelers explore Osaka Castle and Dotonbori’s vibrant food scene. Excursions visit Kyoto’s Kinkaku-ji Temple. Local markets sell takoyaki. The peak season, March to May, brings cherry blossoms and mild weather. Photography captures samurai castles and neon-lit canals. Dining onboard includes okonomiyaki, an Osaka favorite. Souvenirs, like tenugui cloths, are sold in ship shops. Briefings cover Kansai history. Light layers suit the temperate climate, while comfortable shoes enhance city walks. Osaka’s dynamic urban culture offers a vibrant Japanese stop. Cruise travelers enjoy a mix of historic landmarks, culinary delights, and modern energy, making Osaka an engaging destination for exploring Japan’s Kansai region and cultural heritage.
Kochi, Japan, has docking at Kochi Port. Travelers explore Kochi Castle’s samurai history. Excursions visit Katsurahama Beach and Ryugado Cave. Local markets sell bonito flakes. The peak season, March to May, brings mild weather. Photography captures castle views and Pacific shores. Dining onboard includes katsuo tataki, a local seared tuna. Souvenirs, like yosakoi crafts, are sold in ship shops. Briefings cover Shikoku’s history. Light layers suit the temperate climate. Comfortable shoes enhance castle tours. Kochi’s coastal heritage offers a serene Japanese stop, blending samurai history with scenic beauty.
Hiroshima, Japan, has docking at Hiroshima Port. Travelers explore Peace Memorial Park and Atomic Bomb Dome. Excursions visit Miyajima’s floating Itsukushima Shrine. Local markets sell okonomiyaki. The peak season, March to May, brings cherry blossoms. Photography captures historic sites and island shrines. Dining onboard includes Hiroshima-style okonomiyaki. Souvenirs, like peace cranes, are sold in ship shops. Briefings cover WWII history. Light layers suit the temperate climate. Comfortable shoes enhance park walks. Hiroshima’s poignant history offers a profound Japanese stop, blending peace advocacy with cultural heritage.
Kitakyushu, Japan, has docking at Moji Port. Travelers explore Kokura Castle and retro Mojiko district. Excursions visit Hiraodai’s limestone plateaus. Local markets sell yaki-udon. The peak season, March to May, brings mild weather. Photography captures samurai castles and port views. Dining onboard includes tonkotsu ramen, a local favorite. Souvenirs, like ceramic crafts, are sold in ship shops. Briefings cover Kyushu’s history. Light layers suit the temperate climate. Comfortable shoes enhance castle tours. Kitakyushu’s historic charm offers a serene Japanese stop, blending samurai heritage with coastal allure.
Sasebo, Nagasaki, Japan, offers docking at Sasebo Port. Travelers explore Huis Ten Bosch and Kujukushima Islands. Excursions include snorkeling in Pearl Sea. Local markets sell champon. The peak season, April to October, brings mild weather for coastal tours. Photography captures Dutch-themed parks and Kyushu vistas. Dining onboard includes tonkotsu ramen, a Japanese favorite. Souvenirs, like pearl crafts, are sold in ship shops. Briefings cover Nagasaki history. Light clothing and sun protection suit the temperate climate, while water shoes enhance island exploration. Sasebo’s coastal charm offers a vibrant Japanese stop. Cruise travelers enjoy a mix of cultural parks and scenic islands, making Sasebo an engaging destination for exploration.
Busan, South Korea, in the southeast, sits on the Korea Strait, facing the Sea of Japan. The port is near Jagalchi Fish Market, where fresh seafood is sold daily. Haeundae Beach offers urban waterfront access, while Beomeosa Temple, in the forested hills, provides cultural history. The Gamcheon Culture Village, with colorful houses, draws visitors for its art and narrow alleys. Busan’s port history as a trading hub is evident in its maritime museum. The nearby Nakdong River Estuary is a birdwatching site, and the city’s coastal cliffs offer walking trails with ocean views.
Sakaiminato, Japan, offers docking at Sakaiminato Port. Travelers explore Mizuki Shigeru’s yokai museum and Tottori Sand Dunes. Excursions visit Matsue Castle. Local markets sell kani sushi. The peak season, April to October, brings mild weather for coastal tours. Photography captures manga art and Sea of Japan vistas. Dining onboard includes dashi broth, a Japanese favorite. Souvenirs, like yokai crafts, are sold in ship shops. Briefings cover Tottori history. Light layers suit the temperate climate, while comfortable shoes enhance dune walks. Sakaiminato’s quirky charm offers a vibrant Japanese stop. Cruise travelers enjoy a mix of cultural museums, scenic dunes, and coastal heritage, making Sakaiminato an engaging destination for exploration.
Kanazawa, Japan, has docking at Kanazawa Port. Travelers explore Kenrokuen Garden’s serene landscapes. Excursions visit Higashi Chaya’s geisha district. Local markets sell kaga yuzen silk. The peak season, March to May, brings cherry blossoms. Photography captures gardens and traditional teahouses. Dining onboard includes kaga ryori, a local cuisine. Souvenirs, like gold leaf crafts, are sold in ship shops. Briefings cover samurai history. Light layers suit the temperate climate. Comfortable shoes enhance garden walks. Kanazawa’s cultural elegance offers a refined Japanese stop, blending heritage with scenic beauty.
Niigata, Honshu, Japan, offers docking at Niigata Port. Travelers explore the Northern Culture Museum and Sado Island’s gold mines. Excursions visit Yahiko Shrine’s scenic trails. Local markets sell koshihikari rice. The peak season, April to October, brings mild weather for sightseeing. Photography captures traditional estates and Sea of Japan views. Dining onboard includes hegisoba, a Niigata noodle dish. Souvenirs, like sake bottles, are sold in ship shops. Briefings cover Niigata’s rice history. Light layers suit the temperate climate, while comfortable shoes enhance shrine walks. Niigata’s cultural and coastal charm offers a serene Japanese stop. Cruise travelers enjoy a mix of historic sites, scenic landscapes, and culinary traditions, making Niigata an engaging destination for exploring Japan’s Honshu heritage.
Akita, Japan, accommodates cruise ships at its Northern Port terminal, 5 kilometers from downtown, with shuttles or taxis providing 15-minute transfers. The facility includes restrooms, a cafe, and tourist information. Travelers access the Akita City Museum of Art, showcasing Tadao Ando's architecture with a reflecting pool and works by Tsuguharu Foujita. Senshu Park, adjacent to the station, features the Akita Hachiman Shrine from 1694 and cherry blossoms in April. Kakunodate, 1 hour by train, explores preserved samurai residences with black lacquer walls and gardens. Lake Tazawa, 45 minutes west, offers boat rides on Japan's deepest crater lake, surrounded by beech forests. Local markets sell kiritanpo (rice sticks) and sake tastings. Peak visits October to April; trains cost 500-1000 yen. Dining includes inaniwa udon noodles at harbor eateries. Souvenirs feature Akita dog figurines.
Aomori, Japan, docks at Aomori Port, 2 kilometers from downtown, with shuttles or taxis for 10-minute transfers. The city, population 280,000, features the Nebuta Museum, showcasing colorful floats from the August Nebuta Festival. Travelers visit Sannai-Maruyama, a 5-minute drive, for Jomon-era village reconstructions from 3900 BC. Hirosaki Castle, 45 minutes by train, offers cherry blossoms in April. Local markets sell apples and sake. Excursions to Lake Towada, 90 minutes south, include boat rides through volcanic scenery. Peak season April to October; taxis 800-1200 JPY. Dining features scallop miso soup at harbor cafes. Souvenirs include kokeshi dolls.
Take advantage of the many on board activites during your day at sea. You'll have more than enough to fill your day!
Tolanaro (Fort Dauphin), Madagascar, offers docking at Tolanaro Port. Travelers explore Nahampoana Reserve and Libanona Beach. Excursions include lemur-watching at Berenty Reserve. Local markets sell zebu curry. The peak season, May to October, brings dry weather for coastal tours. Photography captures rainforests and Indian Ocean vistas. Dining onboard includes romazava, a Malagasy favorite. Souvenirs, like raffia crafts, are sold in ship shops. Briefings cover Tsitongambarika history. Light clothing and sun protection suit the tropical climate, while sturdy shoes enhance reserve walks. Tolanaro’s natural allure offers a vibrant Malagasy stop. Cruise travelers enjoy a mix of unique wildlife and scenic beaches, making Tolanaro an engaging destination for exploration.
Yokohama (Tokyo), Japan, offers docking at Yokohama Port with excursions to Tokyo. Travelers explore Senso-ji Temple and Shibuya Crossing. Excursions visit Kamakura’s Great Buddha. Local markets sell yakitori. The peak season, April to October, brings mild weather for city tours. Photography captures neon streets and Tokyo Bay vistas. Dining onboard includes sushi, a Japanese favorite. Souvenirs, like ukiyo-e prints, are sold in ship shops. Briefings cover Edo history. Light clothing and sun protection suit the temperate climate, while comfortable shoes enhance city walks. Yokohama’s urban gateway offers a vibrant Japanese stop. Cruise travelers enjoy a mix of historic temples and modern cityscapes, making Yokohama an engaging destination.